“Black Jack” Ketchum (New Mexico & Texas, Late 1890s)

Tom “Black Jack” Ketchum was a notorious outlaw who robbed trains and ranches in the late 1890s. He and his gang operated primarily in New Mexico and parts of Texas. After being captured for attempting a lone train robbery, Ketchum was tried, convicted, and hanged in 1901—famously in a botched execution that ended gruesomely.